R. Abrahamsen, The Power of Partnerships in Global Governance, Third World Quarterly, vol.25, issue.8, pp.1453-1467, 2004.

A. , Impact du vide juridique observé en matière des successions, des régimes matrimoniaux et des libéralités, Association des Femmes Juristes du Burundi and Association des Juristes Catholiques du Burundi, 2012.

M. R. Berdal and A. Suhrke, The Peace in between: Post-war Violence and Peacebuilding, 2012.

L. Bereni, S. Chauvin, and A. Jaunait, Introduction aux gender studies : manuel des études sur le genre, 2008.

R. Bush and M. Szeftel, Commentary: The Struggle for Land, Review of African Political Economy, vol.27, issue.84, pp.173-180, 2000.

, Compte-rendu de la Conférence sous-régionale sur « La femme et le droit à la terre en Afrique de l'Est, vol.29, 2001.

, 2010. Deconstructing Development Discourse: Buzzwords and Fuzzwords. Rugby: Practical Action

A. Cornwall and J. Edwards, Feminisms, Empowerment and Development: Changing Women's Lives. London, 2014.

P. Daley, The Burundi Peace Negotiations: An African Experience of Peace-making, Review of African Political Economy, vol.34, issue.112, pp.333-352, 2007.

P. Daley, Gender & Genocide in Burundi: The Search for Spaces of Peace in the Great Lakes Region, James Currey, 2008.

E. Daley, R. Dore-weeks, and C. Umuhoza, Ahead of the Game: Land Tenure Reform in Rwanda and the Process of Securing Women's Land Rights, Journal of Eastern African Studies, vol.4, issue.1, pp.131-152, 2010.

E. Daley and B. Englert, Securing Land Rights for Women, Journal of Eastern African Studies, vol.4, issue.1, pp.91-113, 2010.

M. Debos, Le métier des armes au Tchad : Le gouvernement de l'entre-guerres, 2013.

J. Ferguson, The Anti-politics Machine: 'Development', Depoliticization and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho, 1994.

O. Fillieule, E. Agrikoliansky, and I. Sommier, Penser les mouvements sociaux : conflits sociaux et contestations dans les sociétés contemporaines, 2010.

V. Fuest, Contested Inclusions: Pitfalls of NGO Peace-building Activities in Liberia, Africa Spectrum, vol.45, issue.2, pp.3-33, 2010.

A. M. Goetz, Governing Women: Women's Political Effectiveness in Contexts of Democratization and Governance Reform, 2009.

A. M. Goetz and S. Hassim, No Shortcuts to Power: AfricanWomen in Politics and Policy Making. London: Zed Books; Cape Town, 2003.

J. Hearn, The "NGO-isation" of Kenyan Society: USAID & the Restructuring of Health Care, Review of African Political Economy, vol.25, issue.75, pp.89-100, 1998.

I. Jad, NGOs: Between Buzzwords and Social Movements, Development in Practice, vol.17, issue.4/5, pp.622-629, 2007.

U. Kothari and M. M. Minogue, Development Theory and Practice: Critical Perspectives, 2002.

A. Manji, Gender and the Politics of the Land Reform Process in Tanzania, The Journal of Modern African Studies, vol.36, issue.4, pp.645-667, 1998.

D. Mcadam, J. D. Mccarthy, and M. N. Zald, Comparative Perspectives on Social Movements: Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings, 1996.

P. Mcauslan, Personal Reflections on Drafting Laws to Improve Women's Access to Land: Is there a Magic Wand?, Journal of Eastern African Studies, vol.4, issue.1, pp.114-130, 2010.

M. W. Mccann, Rights at Work: Pay Equity Reform and the Politics of Legal Mobilization, 1994.

V. M. Moghadam, Transnational Feminist Networks Collective Action in an Era of Globalization, International Sociology, vol.15, issue.1, pp.57-85, 2000.

D. Naybor, Land as Fictitious Commodity: The Continuing Evolution of Women's Land Rights in Uganda, Gender, Place & Culture, pp.1-17, 2014.

M. Ntagwirumugara, Etude sur les causes profondes de l'opposition à la loi sur les successions sensibles aux inégalités de genre, CARE International et CARE Autriche, 2011.

V. Nyarusage, Les droits de la femme et leur application au Burundi, 1963.

, Mémoire en vue de l'obtention du grade de licencié en Histoire

A. Oberschall, Social Movements: Ideologies, Interests, and Identities, 1993.

. Onu-femmes, Note sur la loi sur les successions, les régimes matrimoniaux et les libéralités, 2014.

F. Reyntjens, Burundi: A Peaceful Transition After A Decade Of War?, African Affairs, vol.105, issue.418, pp.117-135, 2006.

O. P. Richmond and A. Mitchell, Hybrid Forms of Peace: From Everyday Agency to Postliberalism, 2012.

J. Rock, The Land Issue in Eritrea's Reconstruction & Development, Review of African Political Economy, vol.27, issue.84, pp.221-234, 2000.

J. Siméant, Interpreting the Rise of International 'Advocacy', Humanity: An International Journal of Human Rights, vol.5, issue.3, pp.323-343, 2014.

, Statistiques judiciaires burundaises. 2009. Rendements, délais et typologie des litiges dans les tribunaux de résidence. Bujumbura: RCN Justice & Démocratie

, Statistiques du Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat, 2012.

J. Steans, Debating Women's Human Rights as a Universal Feminist Project: Defending Women's Human Rights as a Political Tool, Review of International Studies, vol.33, issue.1, pp.11-27, 2007.

S. Tarrow, Transnational Politics: Contention and Institutions in International Politics, Annual Review of Political Science, vol.4, issue.1, pp.1-20, 2001.

C. Tilly, From Mobilization to Revolution, 1978.

A. M. Tripp, I. M. Casimiro, and J. Kwesiga, African Women's Movements: Transforming Political Landscapes. Cambridge, 2009.

P. Uvin, Life after Violence: A People's Story of Burundi, 2009.

S. Vandeginste, Power-sharing, Conflict and Transition in Burundi: Twenty Years of Trial and Error, Africa Spectrum, vol.44, issue.3, pp.63-86, 2009.

;. Interviews-marie-christine-ntagwirumugara and B. Afjb, Consultant on women's land rights, Member of Parliament (MP) of the CNDD-FDD, 2012.

, Ex-coordinator of Giriteka project at CARE International and member of AFJB, 2013.

, Single women, divorced women or widows can receive unequal pieces of land compared with those received by their brothers. They only exercise a life interest in this land

, As a report of the International Crisis Group notes: 'bad land governance is deeply rooted and old regulation mechanisms are obsolete, thus contributing to conflict, social tensions and a malnutrition rate close to 75%' (International Crisis Group, with 90% of the population dependent on agriculture. The population is growing at a rate of 3.1% (data for 2013, vol.80, 2012.

, 164), for women. Indeed, in Burundi, collective action on land inheritance is mainly composed of women (mostly urban and educated women members of human rights and women's associations, and women in politics) who defend this right as women, but without labelling themselves as 'feminist' -a term that is perceived as too close to Western movements; and for women, iii Collective action is defined as 'the product of interactions, mutual perceptions, and expectations, called strategic intervention, 1993.

, whose identity I do not always give for reasons of confidentiality). Taking advantage of two internships -at UN Women in 2012 and at CARE International in 2013 -I led observations and collected information on informal and sometimes 'hidden' processes of collective action. I also drew upon archival data from the UN, iv I conducted about 20 in-depth interviews with Burundian women activists and women in politics as well as with UN and NGO employees

, United Nations 2012)'; also 'the Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) called for 'agrarian reform and redistribution of land to ensure the right of women, regardless of marital status, vol.5, 2005.

, the chefferie tribunal recognised the right of women to inherit from their father, on condition that he had decided accordingly during his life, vi According to Virginie Nyarusage, 1945.

, vii Such as the Eastern Africa Sub-Regional Support Initiative for the Advancement of Women (EASSI) subregional conference in 2001, and, 10 years later in Nairobi