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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2018

Depressed patients are more aroused by left presented stimuli: A multilevel study

Résumé

Introduction: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with emotional and attentional deficits over the visual field leading to physiological and cognitive manifestations. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare, in patients with MDD and healthy controls, the physiological and cerebral impact of the emotional pictures presented in central and peripheral vision (CV, PV). Methods: Fifteen patients and 15 matched controls were presented with pictures from the International Affective Picture System. Two sets of 175 pictures (unpleasant and neutral) were presented at five eccentricities . The participants had to categorize pictures according to their emotional valence. Participants fulfilled questionnaires of depression (BDI) and anxiety (STAI). We analyzed the electrodermal responses (ED) to the pictures, as well as the dynamic of the associated cerebral events with a spatiotemporal principal component analysis (PCA) applied to the electroencephalogram signal. Results: Unlike controls, patients with MDD showed greater ED responses for left than for right stimulation. This laterality effect correlated with anxiety scores (STAI-A and STAI-B): the more the participants were anxious, the greater were their ED responses to left presented stimuli. This laterality effect observed on the ED responses also correlated, in patients, with the same laterality effect on a 230-ms frontal component. Thus, in response to stimulation of their left hemifield, patients showed lower frontal activities and greater ED activity. Discussion: Patients with MDD are more aroused by left presented pictures, which is linked to their anxiety level. This effect is associated with lower frontal activation, supporting the idea of a reduced frontal inhibition for the left visual hemifield. The mobilization of attentional resources toward the left presented stimuli seems to be facilitated by the anxious level observed in patients. Therefore, this effect, conjugated with the right hemisphere hypothesis, related to the specialization of arousal processing, could explain the arousal laterality effect.
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hal-03388240 , version 1 (20-10-2021)

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Lucas de Zorzi, M. Robin, Jacques Honore, Henrique Sequeira. Depressed patients are more aroused by left presented stimuli: A multilevel study. 19th World Congress of Psychophysiology (IOP 2018), International Organization of Psychophysiology, Oct 2018, Lucca, Italy. ⟨10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.07.413⟩. ⟨hal-03388240⟩
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