Some data have shown the presence of time-of-day effects in learning processes. We explore here whether the same phenomenon occurs during the night and how it relates to REM sleep. In an initial apporach to the question, this paper points out the relationships between: 1) REM sleep and brain activation, and 2) REM sleep and information processing. The data are discussed in terms of a REM sleep implication on information processing and we examine the possibility of modifying this processing by acting on REM sleep.