Study objectiveIt has been demonstrated that mortality following pancreatectomy is correlated with surgical volume. However, up until now, no French study has focused on predictive factors to undergo pancreatectomy in low-volume centers. The objective of this study is to analyze the clinical characteristics, socio-economic status and medical density according to surgical volume and to analyze predictive factors for undergoing pancreatectomy in low-volume centers.Patients and methodsAll patients who underwent pancreatectomy in France from 2012 to 2015 were identified fromthe PMSI database. Hopsitals were classified as low, intermediate and high volume (< 10, 11–19, ≥ 20 resections/year, respectively). Clinical and socioeconomic data, travel distance and rurality were assesed to identify factors associated with undergoing pancreatectomy at low-volume hospitals.ResultsIn overall, 12,333 patients were included. Those who underwent pancreatectomy in low-volume centers were more likely older, had high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), had low socioeconomic status, and resided in rural locations.distance traveled by patients operated on in low-volume centers was significantly shorter (23 vs. 61 km, P < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, older age (P = 0.04), CCI ≥ 4 (P = 0.008), short travel distance (P < 0.001), low socio-economic status (P < 0.001) and rurality (P < 0.001) were associated withundergoing pancreatectomy in low-volume centers.ConclusionPatients continue to undergo pancreatectomy at low-volume hospitals is due not only to clinical parameters, but also to socioeconomic and environmental factors. These factors should be taken into account in process of pancreatic surgery centralization.