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Effects of chronic exercise on the endocannabinoid system in Wistar rats with high-fat diet-induced obesity.
Abstract : The endocannabinoid system is dysregulated during obesity in tissues involved in the control of food intake and energy metabolism. We examined the effect of chronic exercise on the tissue levels of endocannabinoids (eCBs) and on the expression of genes coding for cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) (Cnr1 and Cnr2, respectively) in the subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues and in the soleus and extensor digitorim longus (EDL) muscles, in rats fed with standard or high-fat diet. Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were placed on high-fat diet or standard diet (HFD and Ctl groups, respectively) during 12 weeks whereafter half of each group was submitted to an exercise training period of 12 weeks (HFD + training and Ctl + training). Tissue levels of eCBs were measured by LC-MS while expressions of genes coding for CB1 and CB2 receptors were investigated by qPCR. High-fat diet induced an increase in anandamide (AEA) levels in soleus and EDL (p < 0.02). In soleus of the HFD group, these changes were accompanied by elevated Cnr1 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels (p < 0.05). In EDL, exercise training allowed to reduce significantly this diet-induced AEA increase (p < 0.005). 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) levels were decreased and increased by high-fat diet in SAT and EDL, respectively (p < 0.04), but not affected by exercise training. Unlike the HFD + training group, 2-AG levels in soleus were also decreased in the HFD group compared to Ctl (p < 0.04). The levels of eCBs and Cnr1 expression are altered in a tissue-specific manner following a high-fat diet, and chronic exercise reverses some of these alterations.
Keywords :
Animals
Arachidonic Acids
Body Composition
Diet
High-Fat
Endocannabinoids
Ethanolamines
Gene Expression Regulation
Glycerides
Hyperglycemia
Intra-Abdominal Fat
Male
Motor Activity
Muscle
Skeletal
Obesity
Oleic Acids
Organ Specificity
Palmitic Acids
Polyunsaturated Alkamides
Rats
Wistar
Receptor
Cannabinoid
CB1
CB2
Subcutaneous Fat
Abdominal
TRPV Cation Channels
Weight Gain
2-Arachidonyolglycerol
Adipose tissue
Anandamide
CB1 receptor
CB2 receptor
Skeletal muscle
https://hal.univ-lille.fr/hal-02534651
Contributeur : Lilloa Université de Lille <>
Soumis le : mardi 25 mai 2021 - 10:53:06
Dernière modification le : mercredi 26 mai 2021 - 03:42:13
Contributeur : Lilloa Université de Lille <>
Soumis le : mardi 25 mai 2021 - 10:53:06
Dernière modification le : mercredi 26 mai 2021 - 03:42:13
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