Immunotoxicity and intestinal effects of nano- and microplastics: a review of the literature - Université de Lille
Article Dans Une Revue Particle and Fibre Toxicology Année : 2020

Immunotoxicity and intestinal effects of nano- and microplastics: a review of the literature

Résumé

Background Together with poor biodegradability and insufficient recycling, the massive production and use of plastics have led to widespread environmental contamination by nano- and microplastics. These particles accumulate across ecosystems - even in the most remote habitats - and are transferred through food chains, leading to inevitable human ingestion, that adds to the highest one due to food processes and packaging. Objective The present review aimed at providing a comprehensive overview of current knowledge regarding the effects of nano- and microplastics on intestinal homeostasis. Methods We conducted a literature search focused on the in vivo effects of nano- and microplastics on gut epithelium and microbiota, as well as on immune response. Results Numerous animal studies have shown that exposure to nano- and microplastics leads to impairments in oxidative and inflammatory intestinal balance, and disruption of the gut’s epithelial permeability. Other notable effects of nano- and microplastic exposure include dysbiosis (changes in the gut microbiota) and immune cell toxicity. Moreover, microplastics contain additives, adsorb contaminants, and may promote the growth of bacterial pathogens on their surfaces: they are potential carriers of intestinal toxicants and pathogens that can potentially lead to further adverse effects. Conclusion Despite the scarcity of reports directly relevant to human, this review brings together a growing body of evidence showing that nano- and microplastic exposure disturbs the gut microbiota and critical intestinal functions. Such effects may promote the development of chronic immune disorders. Further investigation of this threat to human health is warranted.
Fichier principal
Vignette du fichier
Hirt_et_al-2020-Particle_and_Fibre_Toxicology.pdf (1.4 Mo) Télécharger le fichier
Origine Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte

Dates et versions

hal-03007189 , version 1 (16-11-2020)
hal-03007189 , version 2 (10-12-2020)

Licence

Identifiants

Citer

Nell Hirt, Mathilde Body-Malapel. Immunotoxicity and intestinal effects of nano- and microplastics: a review of the literature. Particle and Fibre Toxicology, 2020, 17 (1), ⟨10.1186/s12989-020-00387-7⟩. ⟨hal-03007189v2⟩

Collections

INSERM UNIV-LILLE
309 Consultations
138 Téléchargements

Altmetric

Partager

More