Background/Objective Emotional exhaustion is relatively widespread among social workers but lack of research explored its relationship with social supports and workplace bullying (WB). The aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of WB in the relationship between social support (family and friends; colleagues and supervisors) and emotional exhaustion. Method Using a sample of 369 French social workers, our results showed that the SS from family and friends and the SS from colleagues and supervisor contribute in distinct ways to reduce emotional exhaustion in social workers. Results Social support from colleagues and supervisors was directly related to emotional exhaustion. Moreover, it was indirectly related to emotional exhaustion via WB. Family and friends' support was only directly related to exhaustion. WB was strongly and positively associated with exhaustion. Conclusions Workplace policies and practices in social work institutions must encourage all kinds of social supports and increase the informal exchange spaces.