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Article Dans Une Revue Natural Sciences Année : 2023

Control of lipid metabolism by the dynamic and nutrient‐dependent post‐translational modification O ‐GlcNAcylation

Résumé

O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification belonging to the large group of glycosylations. It consists of the modification of cytoplasmic, nuclear, and mitochondrial proteins with a single N-acetylglucosamine residue by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Despite its structural simplicity, O-GlcNAcylation orchestrates many functions inside the cell. This modification regulates fatty acids synthesis, fat storage, and utilization. The generation of white and brown adipocyte-OGT knock-out mice has highlighted the marked interference of O-GlcNAcylation in adiposity and, as a consequence, in metabolic pathologies. OGT is more especially involved in the regulation of lipolysis, and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. In addition, O-GlcNAcylation directly regulates fatty acid synthase, the main enzyme responsible for fatty acids synthesis, and other lipogenic enzymes and transcription factors. Nevertheless, only a few studies reported connections between O-GlcNAcylation and homeostasis of cholesterol or its derivatives. This knowledge gap is surprising due to the crucial importance of cholesterol in structuring animal biological membranes and as a precursor of a wide variety of biological compounds. Here, we review the current literature about this topic and discuss future prospects in the field.
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hal-04008157 , version 1 (28-02-2023)

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Celine Schulz, Quentin Lemaire, Alexandre Berthier, Amandine Descat, Mostafa Kouach, et al.. Control of lipid metabolism by the dynamic and nutrient‐dependent post‐translational modification O ‐GlcNAcylation. Natural Sciences, 2023, Natural Sciences, pp.e20220006. ⟨10.1002/ntls.20220006⟩. ⟨hal-04008157⟩
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