Sexual coercion perpetrated by university students is a serious problem. Rape myth acceptance (RMA) is recognized as a risk factor for sexual coercion perpetration. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between RMA and sexual coercion perpetration by male and female university students. A systematic review of the literature was carried out using electronic platforms, Google Scholar and backward snowballing. Of the 2755 references examined, 35 studies met the inclusion criteria. The results support the existence of a relationship between RMA and sexual coercion perpetration and indicate that (1) RMA is positively and significantly correlated to sexual coercion in both male and female students; (2) RMA is significantly stronger among male students who have used sexual coercion than those who have not, and; (3) RMA is a significant predictor of sexual coercion perpetration by male and female students, in univariate models. However, multivariate analysis results do not necessarily show a direct relationship between the two concepts in either male or female students. Overall, the results highlight the importance of considering RMA as a risk factor for sexual coercion perpetration by university students and the need to target those attitudes in prevention programs. Further studies appear necessary to better define the exact nature of the relationship between the two concepts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)