The evaluation and monitoring of research performance are major chal­lenges of research management. Research information management (RIM) systems are designed to assess this performance and to contribute to the steady improve­ment of research. Based on former studies on RIM systems, a recent exploratory survey on ethical aspects of current research information systems and expert interviews with members of euroCRIS, the International Organisation for Research Information, this chapter provides an overview of ethical dimensions of RIM, together with original empirical evidence on how RIM systems represent ethical aspects of research projects and how their development, implementation and func­tioning should comply with usual ethical standards of scientific research. Special attention is paid to the role of academic librarians in RIM, in particular regarding the quality of bibliographic records, the standards of data and the management of institutional repositories, data repositories and other open archives.